12/05/2026
Story no.501 - Destitute With Six Children Then Sent To Prison
Charles James Bush 1837-1902
Charles’ story is unusual in the fact that his admittance to Horton Asylum did not come by way of a London Workhouse, and that he only spent four days there before he died. His story is based around where I was brought up and so I while I was researching, I was able to visualise the streets and churches that were part of Charles’ life before he ended his days in Epsom.
Charles appears in the local newspaper on various occasions which gives us a window into his difficult life.
Charles was aged 20 when he married Emma Jane Grant on 1st August 1858 in St John’s Church, Croydon. Both signed their names on the marriage entry. Emma had been born in 1839 in the Tetbury Union Workhouse, Gloucestershire, to a single mother.
Charles and Emma had nine known children during their 16-year marriage.
Christmas 1874 must have been such a sad and devastating time for the family as on Christmas eve, Charles was with his 36-year-old wife Emma when she died in their home from "Over exertion of body. Injury to the uterus causing inflammation". I do wonder at this point if Emma had once again been pregnant.
Charles clearly struggled after his wife’s death and left to care for six of his children. His dilemma was reported on 4th September 1875 in The Croydon Advertiser newspaper as follows:
A SAD CASE
At the Croydon Police Court on Monday, Charles Bush, labourer, a middle-aged man, was summoned at the instance of the Croydon Board of Guardians for neglecting to maintain his six children, whereby they had become chargeable to the common fund of the Croydon Union.
It appeared that some time since the defendant lost his wife, and being left with six children almost in the state of destitution, the Guardians were asked to take care of his children for a short time, he contributed 6s. per week until some definite arrangement could be made with respect to their future maintenance.
The children have been about seven months at the Anerley school where their cost to the parish is upwards of £2 per week, but the prisoner had not made any arrangements for taking them away and providing for their support.
Last week they gave him from Tuesday till the following Friday to take charge of the children, but he had not done so. Mr Edridge said it was not to be supposed that in every case in which a man was left with a number of children that Guardians would take care of them for him. Mr Spofford said it must come to an end.
Defendant said he had lost the use of one of his shoulders and could not do much work. He did not know where to take the children to, and he must therefore ask for further time to find a place for them. Mr Edridge said it appeared that further time would be of but little use for him, as he could not find any one to take in the children.
Mr Edridge adjourned the case till Saturday, stating that he would see the defendant’s father, and the defendant must see him himself, and that if they could not make some arrangements with reference to the future maintenance of the children, he should be obliged to send the defendant to prison for a number of days.
On 11th September the same newspaper reported the following:
A DIFFICULT PROBLEM
Charles Bush, of 1 Southbridge-place, Croydon, was brought up on remand charged with neglecting to maintain his children, whereby they had become chargeable to the common fund of the Croydon Union. The defendant said he had seen his father, who declined to take his children.
The Chairman said the case of defendant had had a great deal of consideration. The Bench had no alternative but to do what the law required, and that was to send him to prison. The least punishment the Board could inflict was to send him to prison for three days.
Consequently, after Charles had served his 3 days imprisonment in Wandsworth Prison for 'neglecting' his 6 children, he arranged to quickly marry 25-year-old Harriett Gammon.
Harriett and Charles found their names again in the local newspaper following an altercation with one Frederick Musgrove:
INSULTING LANGUAGE
Frederick Musgrove was summoned by Harriett Bush for using insulting language to her in a public thoroughfare, and Charles Bush was summoned by Musgrove for assaulting him.
It appeared that on the previous Monday evening Musgrove and the husband of Harriett Bush were having words. The latter went out to ask her husband in, when Musgrove insulted her, and hinted that she was not the wife of Bush, but the wife of another man, adding coarse and insulting observations. A witness, named Emma Jones, deposed to hearing the foul language complained of.
It further appeared that Musgrove met Bush at the Bedford tavern, where Bush wanted to fight. Musgrove refused to do so and went home. Subsequently Bush came to his house, rushed into his kitchen, and kicked Musgrove several times.
Bush’s story was that Musgrove went into the Bedford tavern and abused an old man. He (Bush) interfered, whereupon Musgrove was ejected from the public-house. When outside, Musgrove put his hat on the pillar-box and wished to fight him. Musgrove threw him down, knelt upon his stomach, and struck him in the face.
With regard to going to Musgrove’s house, he (Bush) stated that he went there to see if some arrangement could not be come to. Musgrove called him in, and, when inside, threatened to strike him, following him out with something in his hand, which he (Bush) believed to be a knife.
Musgrove stated that he had a doctor’s certificate, which would prove that he would not be able to work for some time, as he had received serious injuries to his leg.
Mr Edridge said the costs in the case were 13s. He ordered the defendant to pay 6s.6d. each with regard to the assault. Musgrove, for using abusive language to Mrs Bush, was ordered to pay a further fine of 5s., and 13s. costs, the alternative being 14 days imprisonment.
We are not sure of the reason why Charles was admitted to Horton Asylum, but he had only been there for four days when he died on 9th September 1902.
His death certificate states that he was a ‘Costermonger of 18 Addington Road, West Croydon’, and that following a postmortem, that he had died from “epilepsy (status epilepticus*) after about four days”.
Charles’ body was buried in grave 48 in Horton Estate Cemetery on 15th September 1902.
A full account of Charles’s life may be read at https://hortoncemetery.org/bush-charles-james/
If you use the published stories, partly or completely, written by volunteers of the Friends of Horton Cemetery charity (Reg. No. 1190518), please acknowledge the volunteer who wrote the story by name, acknowledge the Friends of Horton Cemetery expressly and its registration number, and include this link to the STORIES section of the website https://hortoncemetery.org/the.../horton-cemetery-stories/