08/05/2026
Fire Engine Friday: Pre World War 2 Essex Fire Appliances. Part 1.
Before 1941, all municipal fire brigades in the Essex County Council area were run by the local Borough and Rural District Councils. This created widely varying standards both in the training of the brigade personnel and also their equipment. Cost counted highly for some councils, resulting in some very basic vehicles for the less affluent Boroughs and districts, whilst other councils had top quality appliances from the best manufacturers.
The Fire Services Act of 1938 caused many Rural District Councils to quickly create fire brigades, where previously they had relied on nearby towns to provide cover. The result was mainly part- time retained or volunteer firemen crewing some rapidly converted vehicles and the heavy reliance on trailer pumps for fire fighting.
Fire brigades closer to London in the Metropolitan part of Essex, were more affluent than their more rural neighbours and as such had more modern and higher quality vehicles. In particular Ilford had a Leyland Cub enclosed appliance, which provided a safer and drier ride for its crew. Other brigades in the area, such as Barking and Thurrock also had enclosed appliances, which was a glimpse into the future, considering that post 1948, enclosed appliances became the standard for all fire brigades in the country. Notwithstanding this, there were many pre-war open appliances still in service into the 1950s and 1960s.
Chelmsford is the County Town of Essex. The Borough of Chelmsford purchased a Dodge Hose-reel Tender in 1939. It had a small pump and water tank to supply its hose-reel, but had to tow a trailer pump for fighting anything other than small fires. The crews sat within the body, but there was no roof. The vehicle was designed to cover the more rural parts within the borough. Note the title of the fire brigade on the vehicle. โFire Deptโ might have been used to suggest that it was a โmodernโ brigade, or perhaps the signwriter couldnโt fit the word โBrigadeโ into the space!
All images sourced from EFM archives.