Shahjahanpur was established by Dilir Khan and Bahadur Khan, sons of Dariya Khan, a soldier in the army of the Mughal emperor Jahangir. Dariya Khan was originally from Kandahar, in modern-day Afghanistan. Both Diller Khan and Bahadur Khan were dignitaries in the regime of Shah Jahan. Pleased with the services of Dilir Khan, Shah Jahan gave him 17 villages with the permission to construct a fort in
1647, following the suppression of the rebellious Katheria Rajputs. On 9 August 1925, the Indian freedom fighters Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Chandrashekhar Azad, and Rajendra Lahiri conducted a robbery of government funds near Kakori railway station. Over the years, the Shahjahanpur Gharana contributed eminent sarod players such as Enayat Ali (1883 – 1915), Ustad Murad Ali Khan, Ustad Mohammed Ameer Khan, Pandit Radhika Mohan Moitra, and Pandit Buddhadev Das Gupta. Present Sarod legend, Amjad Ali Khan also belongs to Shahjahanpur gharana.