05/24/2026
On this date in 1844, Samuel Morse sent the first telegraph message. Morse sent his message, "what hath God wrought", from Washington D.C. to the Mount Clare Railroad station in Baltimore, Maryland. In less than two more decades, it was possible to send a telegraph message across the country, and by the 1890s, telegraph lines crisscrossed the United States.
in 1872, future president James Garfield wrote, “Distance, estrangement, isolation, have become overcome by the recent amazing growth in the means of intercommunication. For political and industrial purposes, California and Massachusetts are nearer neighbors to-day than were Philadelphia and Boston in the days of the Revolution… It was distance, isolation, ignorance of separate parts, that broke the cohesive force of the great empires of antiquity. Public Affairs are now more public, and private less private, than in former ages. The railroad, the telegraph and the press have virtually brought our citizens, with their opinions and industries, face to face; they live almost in each other’s sight."
When President Garfield was shot on July 2, 1881 (he had only been in office since March), folks around the country knew within minutes thanks to the telegraph. Citizens all over the country closely followed Garfield's medical care over the next few months, as doctors worked to save his life. In a desperate bid to locate and remove the bullet, Alexander Graham Bell was invited to the sick bed to use his new invention, the metal detector. Unfortunately, Garfield died on September 19, 1881.
Birmingham's Martha Durkee Blakeslee was one of those individuals reading and taking note of the developments in Garfield's medical care and his assassin's trial that were sent via telegraph all over the country and printed in local newspapers. In her June 30, 1882 diary entry, shown below, Martha notes that Garfield's assassin, Charles Guiteau, had been executed that day.
Martha was one of the first generation of Americans who were able to get news almost instantaneously, something that we today take for granted.