05/23/2026
The title of this piece, "Belliqueux," is a French word meaning warlike or aggressive, a term that was used by French settlers to describe Native tribes, including the Ho-Chunk. In the collage, two men - one in traditional regalia and the other in modern regalia and clothing - engage in dance or battle. The image depicts the Plains Indian tradition known as "counting coup," in which a warrior performed feats of bravery such as touching their enemy with their war club at close range. Here, Payer has replaced the war clubs with paintbrushes, humorously associating artmaking with this tradition.
This collage is composed on ledger paper taken from old accounting books, a practice employed by imprisoned 19th century Plains Indians who continued their centuries-old pictographic tradition of recording life events and feats of bravery using an available material. Today, ledger art continues to be a major form of Indigenous artistic practice.
“Iowa Artists 2026: Henry Payer: Aagakinąk Haciwi: We Live Opposite Each Other” is on view at the Des Moines Art Center through June 17, 2026.
Henry Payer (Ho-Chunk, born 1986)
Belliqueux, 2023
Paper bag, book cover, aluminum foil paper, paper, wallpaper sample, spray paint, charcoal and pencil on ledger paper
Courtesy of the artist