09/04/2026
So surprising to find out that the Sheriff and his Wife could set up housekeeping only steps away from three floors of jail cells populated with criminals. (In Ohio, the sheriff was mandated to live in the residence attached to the jail.)
And also surprising that historically, in many rural American counties during the 19th and early-to-mid 20th centuries, it was standard practice for the sheriff's wife to serve as the jail's unofficial cook and matron. Because many county jails were built directly attached to or beneath the sheriff's residence, the sheriff's family lived on-site, and his wife was expected to prepare meals for the inmates using her own kitchen tools and recipes.
“- his wife often had just as much a hand in dealing with the criminals as he did. In counties where funds and resources were scarce, sheriff’s wives did everything from cooking meals and darning socks to booking prisoners and holding off angry lynch mobs with shotguns.”
From research, budgets precluded hiring help. The Wife or Jail Matron would initiate assistance from prisoners that weren’t serious offenders. And initially, the meals were home cooked meals for the family and inmates. I’m sure the meals transitioned to more industrial cafeteria like food as time went on.
The Sheriff’s Wife also was in charge of the female prisoners. Male deputies were strictly forbidden from physically searching female prisoners. The sheriff's wife was responsible for conducting these intake searches and processing female inmates into the facility. She held the keys to the women's quarters, conducted cell checks, and accompanied female inmates if they needed to leave their cells. She was expected to be available 24/7.
Plus raise her own family too! 😲
These women absolutely paved the way for future generations of women in law enforcement and corrections
I think that the Sheriff’s Wives certainly deserve a shout out, don’t you? 👏👊
Here at the Belmont County Sheriff’s Residence and Jail, for 90 years the Sheriffs and their Wives/Children lived in this home attached to the jail.
The Last Family: Sheriff George Neff (who served from 1960 to 1975) and his family were the very last to physically live in the residence before the practice was phased out in 1976.
And the only wife that is really mentioned is May K. Dunfee. In 1926, Sheriff William Dunfee died while in office. His wife, May K. Dunfee, who had already been living in the residence and serving as the jail's matron, was appointed to finish his term. (Kathy Crumbley was America’s first female sheriff to win a fully competitive, contested election.)
Note: Photos shared are not from this county except for the actual jail photos.
Excerpt is from Convicts in the Kitchen: Rural Jails in 1920’s and 1930’s America.