09/07/2026
The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters was the first predominantly Black union to receive a charter with the American Federation of Labor.
When the union was founded in 1925, the Pullman Company was one of the largest employers of Black workers, many of whom were porters or maids. From carrying luggage to making beds, sleeping car porters were responsible for the train company’s reputation as a luxury travel service.
While earning a job as a Pullman porter was sometimes considered an entryway into the middle class for Black Americans, both porters and maids faced discrimination in the workplace. Reliant on tips to supplement their low wages, many porters worked up to 400 hours a month in physically demanding roles. More than ten years after their initial founding, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters successfully negotiated a contract with the Pullman Company to raise wages and establish fair hours.
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Union members in 1941 in front of a YMCA in Washington, DC from the Scurlock Studio Collection at our National Museum of American History.