05/28/2026
John Steinbeck’s first commercially successful novel, Tortilla Flat, was published in 1935, the same year that James Fitzgerald created this portrait of the author. ✍️
Although he was a great contributor to American literature, John Steinbeck retreated from fame. Steinbeck claimed to be “scared to death of popularity,” saying, “it has ruined everyone I know.” Fitzgerald expresses Steinbeck’s reclusive personality by casting half of the author’s face in dark shadow.
In the 1930s and 1940s, both Steinbeck and Fitzgerald belonged to a loosely organized group of artists, writers, and intellectuals in Monterey, California. Although they often argued violently, both men respected each other’s talent and shied away from public recognition.
Steinbeck’s famed novels, "Of Mice and Men" (1937) and "The Grapes of Wrath" (1939), earned him even more acclaim, and he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1962.
✏️ : “John Steinbeck” by James Fitzgerald, 1935. National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of Mr. and Mrs. Edgar F. Hubert. © The James Fitzgerald Legacy Monhegan Museum of Art & History.